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Along with speaking in tongues, Pentecostals allow dancing, shouting and praying out loud during worship. Worship services are sometimes elaborate, even including props. Singing is also not limited to the end of the song--if the congregation or worship leaders feel led by the spirit, they may extend the time of praise. Many believe in lively worship because of the influence of the Holy Spirit. After the Azusa revival, the handful of early Pentecostals swelled to more than 50, in just a few years.
Pentecostalism has long been considered one of the fastest and largest growing forms of Christianity. This article is part of our Denomination Series listing historical facts and theological information about different factions within and from the Christian religion.
We provide these articles to help you understand the distinctions between denominations including origin, leadership, doctrine, and beliefs. Explore the various characteristics of different denominations from our list below! Share this. More in Denominations What is Calvinism? What Is the Orthodox Church? Prayer cloths are also used by Mormons and Seventh Day Adventists.
Latter rain is a term referring to the new outpouring of the Holy Spirit on today's Pentecostals. The events of Pentecost are known as the former rain. The idea of latter rain comes from this Old Testament text, which precedes Joel's prophecy that God will pour out his Spirit on all people:.
He sends you abundant showers, both autumn and spring rains, as before. The early Pentecostals were keen to connect their own experience of the Spirit with that of the disciples, so they interpreted Peter's quoting of Joel's prophecy in Acts 2: as a further prophecy that God would pour out his Spirit again at a later time. They interpreted the pouring out of the Spirit on the day of Pentecost as the early autumn rain, and the second pouring out of the Spirit, that they were experiencing, as the later spring rains; the Latter Rain.
The idea of latter rain is found throughout Pentecostalism, but the Latter Rain Movement, founded in , teaches that the second coming of Jesus is due to happen soon and that latter rain is evidence for this. They justify this using scripture. Some Pentecostal churches engage in the dangerous practice of handling poisonous snakes during services; teaching that doing so successfully was a gift of the Spirit. They base this practice on Mark ; "they will pick up snakes with their hands; and when they drink deadly poison, it will not hurt them at all".
Although this practice has been given sensational publicity in the media, it was always extremely rare, restricted to small sects, and largely disapproved of by the larger Pentecostal denominations. Pentecostalism began among poor and disadvantaged people in the USA at the start of the Twentieth century.
Although the movement is a modern one its foundation is usually taken to be the American Azusa Street revival in the first decade of the 20th century , its roots go back to the 18th century Wesleyan Holiness tradition, the 19th century Holiness movement and the late-Victorian Keswick Higher Life movement. The Wesleyan Holiness movement was a reaction against the formality and ritualism of the traditional Christian churches of the time.
It taught that Christians needed to be transformed by a personal experience of the truth of Christ which they could only get through the power of the Holy Spirit.
Members of this Methodist tradition experienced baptism in the Holy Spirit which was given that name in by John Fletcher. Baptism in the Spirit was an important feature of all the Holiness churches. The difference between these earlier traditions and the Pentecostal movement was, on the surface, speaking in tongues as a physical sign of baptism in the Spirit.
The theological conflict underlying this was that members of the Holiness tradition believed that the Pentecost story did not need to be interpreted absolutely literally in modern times, while the early Pentecostals were committed to seeing baptism in the Spirit as an absolute re-enactment of the day of Pentecost.
Parham's Bethel Bible School in Topeka, Kansas, spoke in tongues actually, the story is that she spoke in "Chinese", and did not speak English again for several days.
On January 3, Parham and a dozen other students also spoke in tongues. In Seymour preached that God would "send a new Pentecost" if people prayed for one, and was rewarded when he and his congregation began speaking in tongues. This event, greatly helped by apocalyptic thoughts prompted by the San Francisco Earthquake which happened soon after, sparked a powerful religious revival driven by the three doctrines of salvation, sanctification and baptism in the Spirit, and in which the gifts of the Spirit were seen on a large scale.
Over 13, people are said to have spoken in tongues in the first year. At first the Pentecostal ideas flourished in individual church groups across North America, and it was not until that the first Pentecostal denomination, the Church of God in Christ, was founded. It became the headquarters of a network of Pentecostal churches which became known as the Apostolic Faith Church. Pentecostal worship is less formal and more emotionally expressive than that of other Christian traditions.
Participants worship with body, heart and soul, as well as with their minds. Much Pentecostal worship is designed to bring about an experience of God's presence, and to this end the atmosphere, worship-leading and music encourage openness to the presence of the Holy Spirit.
The gifts of the spirit are often demonstrated during church services, sometimes quite dramatically. In Pentecostal churches there is a great deal of active congregational involvement: the worshippers may dance and clap. Personal testimonies may be given. Preaching may rely more on stories and less on textual analysis.
The congregation is likely to respond actively to the sermon, with applause, or, in some churches, shouts of amen and hallelujah. The result may well be that participants feel that the service is actually led by the Spirit. Consequently Pentecostals are able to see the church as a community of God's people working to create the context for a direct experience of God. Some Pentecostals also use 'worship' to refer to their everyday life which they dedicate as a gift to God. Pentecostalism offers attractive spiritual certainties in a world where religious truths are under attack, because a direct experience of God is unarguable to those who receive it: "if it happens to you, you know it's true".
Pentecostalism began among the poor and disadvantaged in North America. This tradition of being both of the poor and for the poor has given the movement particular appeal among the poor in South America and Africa, where its growth is partly rooted in continuing anger at widespread poverty and inequality.
Pentecostalism adapts easily to local traditions and incorporates local music and other cultural elements in worship, enabling people to retain elements of their own spirituality when they move to a Pentecostal church. This adaptability has made it easy for non-Pentecostal churches to include Pentecostal elements. Walter Hollenweger has pointed out that Pentecostalism offers 'oral' people the same chance to take part in the life of faith as it does to 'literary' people.
Pentecostalism is revolutionary because it offers alternatives to 'literary' theology and defrosts the 'frozen thinking' within literary forms of worship and committee-debate. It gives the same chance to all, including the 'oral' people. Pentecostalism is particularly strong in South America, Africa, and Asia. It has a unique character on each continent - which is one reason why it's so successful. Developing-world Pentecostalism has been particularly successful among the poor like its success in the USA which has also mostly been among the less well off.
Pentecostal denominations have been particularly successful in Latin America among largely unchurched and nominal Roman Catholics, particularly those at the bottom of the social and economic hierarchy. In this sense Pentecostalism is a Christianity for the underclasses of the world. Pentecostalism's success in the developing world is partly due to energetic missionary work by Pentecostal churches and partly due to history, politics, flexibility and empowerment. Historically Pentecostalism grew out of African-American churches which retained many stylistic elements that still resonate with the developing world and with the contemporary West too.
These were things such as an emphasis on the interconnection of body, mind and spirit, which it displayed in its highly physical worship, and in healing, speaking in tongues, and the acceptance of dreams and visions as valuable tools of spiritual insight. Politically and socially, Pentecostalism originated in churches filled with people who were poor and oppressed and it has never forgotten those roots.
Its early leaders were working class Christians with a very similar life experience to the people they led. These factors give Pentecostalism great appeal in parts of the world where people continue to suffer from poverty and injustice. Pentecostalism approaches the predicaments of the poor very practically; churches work as 'mutual aid communities' to deal with poverty and sickness, and provide alternative solutions to problems that might otherwise be 'solved' with witchcraft or other superstitious practices.
Pentecostalism, more than any other form of Christianity, is willing to fit in with local cultures and use local music and other cultural elements in worship, and sees the value of teaching the Christian message through religious ways of thinking and talking that are already familiar to local people. Because Pentecostal worship is spontaneous and oral, rather than anchored in a liturgical text, it allows all members of the congregation to play their part without any fear of doing the wrong thing, and enables each one to share their particular experience of God and have it valued by the whole community.
The result is that Pentecostalism can take on a completely local costume:. It may be appropriate to consider Korean Pentecostalism as a culturally indigenous form of Korean Christianity interacting with shamanism, just as African Pentecostalism is in constant interaction with the African spirit world, and as Latin American Pentecostalism encounters folk Catholicism and Brazilian spiritism.
The mainline Pentecostal movement denounced this belief and so the two churches split off from one another. Modalism has been denounced as a heresy: an incorrect teaching that makes salvation impossible.
So many denominations today see Oneness Pentecostalism as a cult and not a Christian denomination. Today the Oneness Movement has several smaller denominations within and claim to have about 24 million world-wide adherents today. These are split into several smaller churches such as:. But despite the movements number seeming like a large amount, it only makes up about 4. Overall it is pretty safe to say emphatically that yes, Pentecostals believe in the trinity.
Despite all these claims being wildly untrue, exciting lies tend to not die easy. This book was a direct critique of the Pentecostal movement. In the book, MacArthur claimed that Pentecostals secretly worshipped demons, blaspheme against God, and joyfully butcher scripture. Even though this book was almost universally panned by Pentecostals and non-Pentecostals alike, it was incredibly popular and influenced many people.
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